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The only way to get binding affinities in solution using very minimal sample

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MST is sensitive to the presence of aggregates in your sample and it provides a way to gain insights beyond a K d . With MST and Spectral Shi in the same instrument, you have two modalities that complement each other so that you can get further insights about your interactions. To quantify molecular interactions with MST, you start by labeling your target molecule with a fluorescent dye and mixing it with your ligand. Then, a very precise and brief laser-induced temperature change is applied, which amplifies the variation in fluorescence intensity caused by the ligand binding to your target (top figure). The K d is calculated by plotting the change in fluorescence against the ligand concentration (bottom figure) Use MST Technology to understand aggregation -5 5 10 15 20 Time (seconds) 750 800 850 900 950 1000 F norm (‰) 0 1 10 100 1000 Ligand (nM) 810 820 830 840 850 F norm (‰) K d

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